Once again, the horse-drawn carriage formed a significant part of travelers’ landscape in Cuba as far east as Santiago in 2016. Unlike the taxi-style routes of western cities or the tourist traps of Old Havana, however, Santiago’s horse-drawn carriages had never entirely disappeared in earlier, more prosperous decades. Their drivers also claimed that horses had always simply been more reliable than public transportation, even in the Soviet age! Santiago de Cuba, July 2016.
